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Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity

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Cryptic plasticity underlies a major evolutionary transition.

Jeremy Field¹, Robert J Paxton, Antonella Soro

¹School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK. j.field@sussex.ac.uk

Current Biology : CB

|November 9, 2010

Summary

Sociality in Hymenoptera, like the sweat bee Halictus rubicundus, can be a plastic trait. Environmental conditions can trigger transitions between social and solitary nesting behaviors.

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Behavioral ecology

Background:

Eusociality, characterized by reproductive division of labor, is a major evolutionary transition.
Hymenoptera (ants, bees, wasps) exhibit numerous transitions between social and solitary nesting.
Understanding the mechanisms of these transitions is key to evolutionary theory.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential for sociality to be a plastic trait in Hymenoptera.
To determine if environmental conditions can induce transitions between social and solitary behaviors.

Main Methods:

Field transplants were used to manipulate environmental conditions for Halictus rubicundus populations in Britain and Ireland.
Individual variation in social phenotype was analyzed in relation to environmental factors.

Main Results:

Transitions between social and solitary nesting behaviors were directly induced by environmental conditions.
Individual variation in social phenotype was correlated with offspring production time and genetic benefits of sociality.
This suggests that sociality is not solely based on misplaced parental care.

Conclusions:

Sociality in Hymenoptera, specifically in Halictus rubicundus, can be a truly plastic trait.
Environmental factors play a significant role in the expression of social behavior.
This finding offers new insights into the evolutionary pathways of eusociality.