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Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy.

Dinelli M Monson1, Justine R Smith

  • 1Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|November 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) is a rare eye condition causing photoreceptor degeneration. While visual acuity is often preserved, visual field loss and pigment changes can occur, with no proven effective treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Diseases
  • Visual Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) is a rare condition affecting photoreceptors.
  • Its etiology remains unknown, presenting unilaterally or bilaterally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize reported cases of AZOOR.
  • To analyze clinical presentation, visual function, and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of 131 reported AZOOR cases (205 eyes).
  • Analysis of patient demographics, symptoms, visual acuity, fundus findings, visual fields, and electroretinography.

Main Results:

  • Predominantly affected white individuals (average age 36.7 years, M:F ratio 1:3.2).
  • Common symptoms include acute scotoma and photopsia.
  • Good visual acuity (≥20/40) in 74% of eyes; normal fundus in 76%.
  • Visual field defects (enlarged blind spot) in 75%; electroretinographic abnormalities in 99% of patients.
  • Retinal pigment epithelial disturbances common; visual field loss typically stabilized within six months.

Conclusions:

  • AZOOR is characterized by photoreceptor degeneration with generally preserved visual acuity but potential for visual field loss and RPE changes.
  • No treatments, including corticosteroids or immunosuppressants, have demonstrated efficacy.