Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis
11:44

Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis

Published on: March 30, 2019

Cell cycle regulator ING4 is a suppressor of melanoma angiogenesis that is regulated by the metastasis suppressor

Jun Li1, Gang Li

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Jack Bell Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Cancer Research
|November 9, 2010
PubMed

Insights

ING4 suppresses melanoma angiogenesis by inhibiting IL-6 and NF-κB activity. This metastasis suppressor is induced by BRMS1, offering a potential new treatment strategy for melanoma.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Inhibitor of Growth family member 4 (ING4) is known to regulate apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion.
  • Melanoma angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels that support tumor growth, is a critical process in melanoma progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ING4 in melanoma angiogenesis.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which ING4 affects angiogenesis.
  • To explore the relationship between ING4 and BRMS1 in regulating melanoma angiogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to assess cell growth and tube formation.
  • Analysis of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and NF-κB activity.
  • In vivo studies using matrigel plugs in nude mice to evaluate blood vessel formation.
  • Investigation of ING4 expression induced by BRMS1 and its functional consequences.

Main Results:

  • ING4 overexpression suppressed HUVEC growth and tube formation, inhibited IL-6 expression, and suppressed NF-κB activity.
  • Knockdown of ING4 enhanced HUVEC growth and IL-6 expression.
  • In vivo, ING4 inhibited blood vessel formation and CD31-positive cell recruitment.
  • ING4 is induced by BRMS1 and acts as a downstream target, mediating BRMS1's anti-angiogenic effects.

Conclusions:

  • ING4 inhibits melanoma angiogenesis by suppressing NF-κB activity and IL-6 expression.
  • ING4 is a downstream mediator of BRMS1's anti-angiogenic function in melanoma.
  • Restoring ING4 function presents a potential therapeutic strategy for human melanoma.

More Related Videos

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

Ex Vivo Culture of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Cerebral Spinal Fluid from Melanoma Patients to Study Melanoma-Associated Leptomeningeal Disease06:25

Ex Vivo Culture of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Cerebral Spinal Fluid from Melanoma Patients to Study Melanoma-Associated Leptomeningeal Disease

Published on: March 29, 2024

Related Concept Videos

Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
Inhibition of CDK Activity02:34

Inhibition of CDK Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
The Retinoblastoma Gene01:20

The Retinoblastoma Gene

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...