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Prepolymerized vs. in situ-polymerized fiber-reinforced composite implants--a pilot study.

A M Ballo1, T O Närhi, E A Akca

  • 1Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. ahmbal@utu.fi

Journal of Dental Research
|November 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Bone integration differs between fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) implants based on polymerization. Prepolymerized FRC implants integrated well, while in situ-polymerized implants formed fibrous capsules, hindering bone integration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Research
  • Dental Materials

Background:

  • Bioactive fiber-reinforced composites (FRC) show promise for bone implants.
  • Polymerization methods can influence implant-tissue integration.
  • Understanding FRC bone response is crucial for developing effective bone regeneration strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare bone response to FRC implants polymerized under two different conditions.
  • To evaluate the osseointegration of prepolymerized versus in situ-polymerized FRC implants.
  • To investigate the effect of polymerization technique on fibrous capsule formation around FRC implants.

Main Methods:

  • Cylinder-shaped FRC implants made from glass-fiber-dimethacrylate composite were fabricated.
  • Implants were tested in two forms: prepolymerized and polymerized in situ using blue light.
  • Ten FRC implants were surgically placed into the tibias of three pigs using a press-fit technique.
  • Histological analysis using light microscopy was performed after 12 weeks to assess bone response.

Main Results:

  • Both prepolymerized and in situ-polymerized FRC implants elicited only a mild foreign-body reaction with minimal inflammatory cell accumulation.
  • Prepolymerized FRC implants demonstrated full integration with the surrounding bone tissue.
  • In situ-polymerized FRC implants were largely encapsulated by a fibrous capsule, indicating impaired osseointegration.

Conclusions:

  • In situ polymerization of FRC implants leads to the formation of a fibrous capsule.
  • This fibrous capsule formation prevents the integration of in situ-polymerized FRC implants with bone.
  • Prepolymerization is a critical factor for achieving successful osseointegration of FRC implants.