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Processing prenominal adjectives during sentence comprehension.

Shelia M Kennison1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA. shelia.kennison@okstate.edu

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|November 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that people process the meaning of adjectives before the noun they modify. Violating standard English adjective order, like "red big balloon," causes processing difficulty early on.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • English adjective order follows semantic categories (size, color, general description).
  • Understanding adjective order is crucial for comprehending noun phrases.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the temporal dynamics of adjective semantic processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the time course of semantic processing for prenominal adjectives.
  • To determine if adjective meaning is processed before or after the head noun.
  • To examine the cognitive load associated with adjective order violations.

Main Methods:

  • Reading time was measured for sentences with correct and incorrect adjective orders.
  • Two experiments manipulated adjective pairs: size-color and general description-color.
  • Participants read sentences containing noun phrases with varied prenominal adjective sequences.

Main Results:

  • Processing difficulty from adjective order violations emerged before the head noun.
  • Reading times were significantly longer for sentences with violated adjective order.
  • This indicates semantic processing of adjectives occurs prior to noun interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehenders semantically process prenominal adjective meanings before interpreting the head noun.
  • The brain anticipates and integrates adjective meanings within a temporal window preceding the noun.
  • This finding offers insights into the predictive nature of language comprehension.