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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in cognitively impaired multiple sclerosis patients.

Nadine Akbar1, Nancy J Lobaugh, Paul O'Connor

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre University of Toronto, Canada.

The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques
|November 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) is a key indicator of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS). This finding highlights the role of seemingly healthy brain tissue in MS-related cognitive decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is a significant burden for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Understanding the neuroimaging correlates of cognitive dysfunction in MS is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictive value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices from normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and normal-appearing grey matter (NAGM) for cognitive impairment in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-two MS patients underwent neuropsychological testing and 1.5T MRI with DTI sequences.
  • Measures of NAWM and NAGM were derived by subtracting lesion volumes from whole-brain parenchyma.
  • Fractional anisotropy (FA) of NAWM and mean diffusivity (MD) of NAGM were quantified.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive impairment was observed in 18% of MS patients.
  • Impaired patients exhibited higher lesion volumes, greater NAWM atrophy, lower NAWM FA, and higher NAGM MD.
  • Logistic regression revealed that FA of NAWM was a significant predictor of cognitive impairment, independent of lesion load and atrophy.

Conclusions:

  • Normal-appearing brain tissue plays a critical role in the development of cognitive impairment associated with MS.
  • DTI-derived indices of NAWM, specifically FA, are valuable biomarkers for detecting cognitive dysfunction in MS.