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Related Concept Videos

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

A Volumetric Method for Quantification of Cerebral Vasospasm in a Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
08:12

A Volumetric Method for Quantification of Cerebral Vasospasm in a Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Published on: July 28, 2018

White matter hyperintensity volume is increased in small vessel stroke subtypes.

N S Rost1, R M Rahman, A Biffi

  • 1J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Center for Human Genetics Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 Cambridge St, Suite 300, Boston, MA 02114, USA. nrost@partners.org

Neurology
|November 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary

White matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume is linked to small vessel (SV) disease severity. Greater WMH burden indicates more severe SV disease, particularly in lacunar stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

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A Volumetric Method for Quantification of Cerebral Vasospasm in a Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
08:12

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Published on: July 28, 2018

A Versatile Murine Model of Subcortical White Matter Stroke for the Study of Axonal Degeneration and White Matter Neurobiology
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Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
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Published on: April 23, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Cerebrovascular Disease

Background:

  • White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are potential indicators of cerebral small vessel (SV) disease.
  • Cerebral small vessel changes are central to the pathophysiology of lacunar stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that WMH severity correlates with SV disease.
  • To investigate the association between WMH volume and stroke subtypes, specifically lacunar stroke and ICH.

Main Methods:

  • WMH volume (WMHV) was quantified in prospectively ascertained patient cohorts with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and ICH.
  • Two independent cohorts were utilized: Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) AIS (n=628) and Ischemic Stroke Genetics Study (ISGS) AIS (n=263), along with MGH ICH (n=122).

Main Results:

  • Increased WMHV was significantly associated with lacunar stroke compared to other ischemic stroke subtypes in both MGH and ISGS cohorts.
  • Patients with ICH exhibited greater WMHV compared to those with lacunar stroke and all ischemic stroke subtypes combined.
  • Odds ratios indicated a higher likelihood of lacunar stroke and ICH with increasing WMHV.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated WMH burden is associated with small vessel (SV) stroke subtypes and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
  • These findings support WMHV as a marker for the severity of cerebral SV disease.
  • The study provides further evidence linking the biology of WMH to SV stroke.