Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Photoelectric Effect02:26

Photoelectric Effect

When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
The de Broglie Wavelength02:32

The de Broglie Wavelength

In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
Emission Spectra02:39

Emission Spectra

When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...
Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
The essential components of a spectrophotometer include a source of electromagnetic radiation, a slot for placing a material to be analyzed, and a...
Crystal Density01:19

Crystal Density

The crystal lattice structure of a material allows us to determine how many molecules exist in its unit cell. With this information, alongside the unit-cell parameters - three distance parameters (a, b, c) and three angular parameters (α, β, γ).Density (ρ) = (Z × M) / (a × b × c × NA)where:Z is the number of formula units per unit cellM is the molar mass of the substancea, b, and c are the edge lengths of the unit cellNA is Avogadro’s numberFor a simple cubic lattice, atoms are located only at...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enhanced diffuse optical tomographic reconstruction using concurrent ultrasound information.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2021
Same author

Heterodyne frequency-domain multispectral diffuse optical tomography of breast cancer in the parallel-plane transmission geometry.

Medical physics·2016
Same author

Rapid processing of PET list-mode data for efficient uncertainty estimation and data analysis.

Physics in medicine and biology·2016
Same author

Imaging through scattering media by the use of an analytical model of perturbation amplitudes in the time domain.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Experimental validation of Monte Carlo and finite-element methods for the estimation of the optical path length in inhomogeneous tissue.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Photon-measurement density functions. Part 2: Finite-element-method calculations.

Applied optics·2010
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy for a Label-Free Amyloid Structural Characterization
05:54

Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy for a Label-Free Amyloid Structural Characterization

Published on: September 8, 2023

Photon-measurement density functions. Part I: Analytical forms.

S R Arridge

    Applied Optics
    |November 10, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a new photon-measurement density function (PMDF) to improve optical tomography. The PMDF enhances sensitivity analysis for reconstructing absorption and scattering parameters from transilluminated light measurements.

    More Related Videos

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons
    07:39

    Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

    Published on: July 21, 2018

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

    Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy for a Label-Free Amyloid Structural Characterization
    05:54

    Polarization-Sensitive Two-Photon Microscopy for a Label-Free Amyloid Structural Characterization

    Published on: September 8, 2023

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
    07:56

    A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

    Published on: September 5, 2019

    Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons
    07:39

    Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

    Published on: July 21, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Optics
    • Medical Imaging
    • Photon Transport

    Background:

    • Optical tomography reconstructs internal object properties from light measurements.
    • Sensitivity of boundary measurements to internal optical parameters is crucial for accurate reconstruction.
    • Existing methods like photon-sampling volume and photon-hitting density have limitations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel framework for analyzing the sensitivity of optical tomography measurements.
    • To extend existing concepts to a comprehensive photon-measurement density function (PMDF).
    • To provide closed-form solutions for PMDF in various geometries and perturbation types.

    Main Methods:

    • Extension of photon-sampling volume and photon-hitting density concepts.
    • Derivation of the photon-measurement density function (PMDF) from the diffusion equation's Green's function.
    • Development of closed-form solutions for PMDF in infinite space, half-space, and slab geometries.

    Main Results:

    • The PMDF is derived and expressed for various measurement types (intensity, temporal moments, phase shift).
    • The PMDF accounts for both absorption and diffusion perturbations.
    • Closed-form solutions are presented for multiple geometries, enabling quantitative sensitivity analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed PMDF provides a robust tool for understanding measurement sensitivity in optical tomography.
    • This framework facilitates improved reconstruction algorithms for absorption and scattering parameters.
    • The study offers practical solutions for 3D imaging applications using transilluminated light.