Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 6, 2026
10:42
Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
Published on: March 22, 2019
Recent developments of the JET far-infrared interferometer-polarimeter diagnostic
1EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom. alexandru.boboc@ccfe.ac.uk
The Review of Scientific Instruments
|November 10, 2010
Summary
This study enhances plasma diagnostics with faster data acquisition and improved analysis for magnetic field topology and density profiles during disruptive events. Upgrades improve real-time measurements for fusion energy research.
Area of Science:
- Plasma physics
- Fusion energy research
- Diagnostic techniques
Background:
- Far-infrared diagnostics are crucial for real-time plasma measurements.
- Understanding plasma density and magnetic field topology is key for fusion devices.
- Previous diagnostic limitations hindered analysis of fast plasma events.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enhance the capabilities of far-infrared diagnostics for plasma research.
- To improve the real-time analysis of plasma density and magnetic field evolution.
- To support the study of fast plasma events like disruptions and edge localized modes.
Main Methods:
- Implemented fast interferometer data acquisition with 10 μs time resolution.
- Developed new MATLAB code for analyzing density profile evolution.
- Utilized polarimeter measurements and Mueller matrix formalism for real-time calibration.
- Upgraded system with a second color laser and a new field-programmable gate array-based phase counter.
Main Results:
- Achieved improved analysis of density profile evolution during fast plasma events.
- Enabled more accurate real-time calibration of polarimeter measurements.
- Established a foundation for advanced real-time plasma monitoring and control.
- Demonstrated enhanced capabilities for studying plasma dynamics.
Conclusions:
- The extended far-infrared diagnostic system offers significantly improved real-time measurement and analysis capabilities.
- These advancements are vital for understanding and controlling complex plasma phenomena in fusion research.
- Ongoing upgrades promise further enhancements in plasma diagnostic precision and speed.
Related Concept Videos
01:09Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview
When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
01:25IR Spectrometers
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
01:26Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
01:11Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview
The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
01:22Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
01:24IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview
When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...