Circulating angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors in women with eclampsia

The objective of the study was to determine whether eclampsia has a different circulating profile of angiogenic (placental growth factor [PlGF]) and antiangiogenic factors (soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 [sVEGFR-1] and soluble endoglin [sEng]) from severe preeclampsia.

This cross-sectional study included pregnant women in the following groups: (1) normal pregnancy (n = 40); (2) severe preeclampsia (n = 40); and (3) eclampsia (n = 20). Maternal serum PlGF, sVEGFR-1, and sEng concentrations were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

The study results included the following: (1) the median concentration of sVEGFR-1 and sEng was higher and of PlGF was lower in severe preeclampsia or eclampsia than in normal pregnancy (P < .001 for all); and (2) the median concentrations of these 3 analytes did not differ significantly between patients with severe preeclampsia and those with eclampsia.

Eclampsia is associated with higher maternal circulating concentrations of sVEGFR-1 and sEng and lower concentrations of PlGF than normal pregnancy but with similar concentrations to severe preeclampsia. These findings suggest that eclampsia shares a common pathogenic pathway as severe preeclampsia.