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Related Concept Videos

RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1&#961; Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA
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Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1ρ Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA

Published on: July 9, 2021

Consecutive terminal GU pairs stabilize RNA helices.

Mai-Thao Nguyen1, Susan J Schroeder

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States.

Biochemistry
|November 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Consecutive GU pairs at RNA helix ends significantly stabilize structures. This study quantifies GU pair stability and offers a model to predict RNA secondary structures, aiding miRNA target identification.

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Published on: September 21, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1&#961; Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA
08:17

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Published on: July 9, 2021

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
09:04

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

Published on: September 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • RNA secondary structure is crucial for function.
  • GU wobble pairs are common but their thermodynamic contribution is complex.
  • Terminal GU pairs' stability is less understood than internal pairs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the thermodynamic stability of consecutive terminal GU pairs in RNA helices.
  • To develop a predictive model for the stability of terminal GU pairs.
  • To enhance understanding of RNA structure and energetics.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurement of thermodynamic stabilities for 30 RNA duplexes.
  • Utilizing imino proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
  • Developing a predictive model based on experimental data.

Main Results:

  • Consecutive terminal GU pairs contribute significant thermodynamic stability (-1.0 to -3.8 kcal/mol).
  • Stability is influenced by sequence, stacking, and orientation.
  • NMR confirmed hydrogen bonding in terminal GU pairs.
  • A predictive model for terminal GU pair stability was developed.

Conclusions:

  • Terminal GU pairs are key contributors to RNA helix stability.
  • The developed model improves RNA secondary structure prediction accuracy.
  • Findings aid in identifying miRNA targets and understanding RNA physical forces.