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Staphylococcal IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections

Marco Artini1, Carlo Romanò, Lamberto Manzoli

  • 1Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|November 12, 2010
PubMed

Insights

A new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detects antibodies for staphylococcal infections in joint prostheses. This noninvasive test shows high specificity and sensitivity, aiding early diagnosis of delayed orthopedic joint prosthesis infections (DOJP-Is).

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Delayed orthopedic joint prosthesis infections (DOJP-Is) caused by staphylococci often necessitate prosthetic revision.
  • Current diagnostic methods for DOJP-Is lack specificity and are often invasive, leading to diagnosis at advanced disease stages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a specific, noninvasive diagnostic test for DOJP-Is.
  • To detect serum antibodies against staphylococcal slime polysaccharide antigens.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect specific antibodies.
  • Testing the ELISA on a sample of 90 individuals.

Main Results:

  • The developed ELISA demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy.
  • Specificity was 95.1% (95% CI, 85.4 to 98.7%) and sensitivity was 89.7% (71.5 to 97.3%) using a cutoff of 0.35 ELISA units.

Conclusions:

  • The ELISA is a promising noninvasive tool for diagnosing DOJP-Is.
  • This assay could facilitate earlier detection and management of staphylococcal joint prosthesis infections.

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