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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity

Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity

Published on: June 12, 2019

Range of motion measurements: reference values and a database for comparison studies.

J M Soucie¹, C Wang, A Forsyth

¹National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Division of Blood Disorders, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. msoucie@cdc.gov

Haemophilia : the Official Journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia

|November 13, 2010

Summary

This study establishes normal joint range of motion (ROM) values for healthy individuals aged 2-69. Findings reveal significant gender and age-related variations in joint mobility, crucial for accurate patient assessment.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity

Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity

Published on: June 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Physiology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Joint mobility is vital for daily function, yet diseases and injuries can impair it.
Accurate normal reference values for joint range of motion (ROM) are essential for assessing and monitoring joint mobility impairments.
Limited published data exists on normal ROM for healthy men and women across diverse age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish normative reference values for passive joint range of motion (ROM) in a large cohort of healthy males and females.
To investigate the influence of age and gender on joint mobility across various joints.
To compare newly established ROM values with commonly used normative data.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study involving 674 healthy subjects (53.6% female) aged 2-69 years.
Nine licensed physical therapists measured passive ROM bilaterally using universal goniometers.
Measurements included elbow, shoulder, hip, knee, and ankle joints, assessing flexion, extension, pronation, supination, dorsiflexion, and plantarflexion.

Main Results:

Female subjects exhibited greater joint mobility than males across all age groups and most joints.
Significant age-related decreases in average ROM were observed for both genders.
Newly established ROM values differed significantly from commonly used normative data in many cases.

Conclusions:

This study provides comprehensive, age- and gender-specific normative ROM data for key joints in healthy individuals.
Significant variations in joint mobility based on gender and age highlight the need for updated reference values in clinical practice.
These findings are critical for accurate patient assessment, diagnosis, and management of conditions affecting joint mobility.