Current and future therapies of erectile dysfunction in neurological disorders

Erection is a neurovascular event characterized by the tumescence of the cavernous bodies that relies upon integration of neural and humoral mechanisms requiring the participation of autonomic and somatic nerves and the integration of numerous spinal and supraspinal sites. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a highly prevalent problem increasing with age, as well as the major men's sexual concern. Significant advances in the pharmacological treatment of ED have occurred in recent years, most notably after the introduction of sildenafil, the first oral selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor. Nevertheless, many other oral, local and surgical treatments are available and their efficacy and safety depend on the specific cases. This review provides a comprehensive description of both currently available neurogenic ED treatments and most promising future therapies, including assigned patents.