Prostatic stromal sarcoma with rhabdoid features

Rhabdoid tumors have been reported in many different anatomic sites as an aggressive tumor and usually present with a rhabdoid tumor component (a composite tumor) rather than a pure rhabdoid tumor. Rhabdoid tumor in the prostate has been described only once in the prostatic region as a possible epithelial origin. Rhabdoid features in prostatic stromal sarcomas (PSSs) have never been described in the literature. Here, we report a case of a PSS with rhabdoid features. A 31-year-old man presented with a 4-month history of voiding difficulty and anal pain. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed an ovoid mass in the prostate invading rectum and urinary bladder. A needle biopsy was diagnosed as an unclassified spindle cell sarcoma, and 2 cycles of adriamycin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy were given, followed by radical prostatectomy. The prostatectomy specimen revealed a high-grade sarcoma with fascicles of highly cellular spindle cells and numerous mitoses with hemorrhage and necrosis. In areas, the tumor also contained sheets of loosely cohesive epithelioid cells with rhabdoid tumor component. Both spindle and rhabdoid tumor cells were positive for vimentin, CD34, and progesterone receptor and negative for desmin and cytokeratin immunostainings. The rhabdoid tumor cells retained INI1 expression. The tumor recurred in the bladder, and the patient died of sepsis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of PSS with rhabdoid features. The tumor showed an aggressive clinical behavior with a short-term survival (7 months after diagnosis).