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Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
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Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World
10:16

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World

Published on: April 7, 2020

Circadian rhythms and cognition.

Jim Waterhouse1

  • 1Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. waterhouseathome@hotmail.com

Progress in Brain Research
|November 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive rhythms have internal and external influences affecting performance. Understanding these rhythms helps predict impacts of time zone changes and night work on cognition.

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Circadian rhythms, including cognitive ones, possess both endogenous and exogenous components.
  • Understanding these components is crucial for analyzing cognitive performance variations.
  • Conventional sleep-wake schedules (daytime activity, nighttime sleep) provide a baseline for comparison.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the origins of endogenous and exogenous components of cognitive rhythms.
  • To examine the effects of time awake on cognitive performance.
  • To predict cognitive changes following time-zone transitions and during night work.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature concerning cognitive performance after time-zone transitions and during night work.
  • Analysis of factors influencing cognitive rhythms in conventionally sleeping subjects.
  • Consideration of sleep-wake schedules involving regular and irregular sleep (anchor sleep).

Main Results:

  • Cognitive performance is influenced by the interplay of internal biological clocks and external environmental cues.
  • Extended wakefulness can negatively impact cognitive functions.
  • Time-zone transitions and night work disrupt established circadian rhythms, leading to predictable cognitive deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive rhythms are complex, influenced by both internal biological timing and external factors.
  • Disruptions to circadian alignment, such as those from shift work or jet lag, have measurable effects on cognition.
  • Further research into optimized sleep-wake schedules, including anchor sleep, may mitigate these effects.