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Related Concept Videos

Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating02:48

Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating

Radioactivity is a spontaneous disintegration of an unstable nuclide and is a random process, as all the nuclei in the sample do not decay simultaneously. The number of disintegrations per unit time is called the activity (A), which is directly proportional to the number of nuclei in the sample. The decay constant (λ) is an average probability of decay per nucleus in unit time.
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Assumption with Protein Binding01:13

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Physiological models with protein binding in pharmacokinetics offer a sophisticated approach to understanding drug disposition. These models consider drug-protein interactions, enabling them to effectively predict drug concentrations in different organs and tissues. This precision aids in accurate drug dosing, providing a significant advantage over conventional models. A key process within these models is equilibration, which ensures that drug concentrations achieve a steady state within the...
Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview01:20

Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Quantitative [18F]-Naf-PET-MRI Analysis for the Evaluation of Dynamic Bone Turnover in a Patient with Facetogenic Low Back Pain
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A generic biokinetic model for Carbon-14.

R P Manger1

  • 1Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1060 Commerce Park, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. mangerrp@ornl.gov

Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|November 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A new biokinetic model for systemic radiocarbon (C-14) offers a less conservative approach than the ICRP model. It provides more accurate dose estimations while allowing adjustments for bioassay data.

Area of Science:

  • Radiological Protection
  • Biokinetics
  • Dosimetry

Background:

  • The current International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) model for systemic radiocarbon (C-14) overestimates effective dose.
  • Its simplistic nature limits its use as a bioassay model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new, less conservative generic biokinetic model for systemic radiocarbon.
  • To improve the accuracy of dose estimations for C-14 intake.
  • To allow for adjustments based on bioassay data.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new generic biokinetic model with two systemic pools and varying biological half-times.
  • Incorporated a submodel for in vivo carbon dioxide (CO2) behavior.
  • Included three excretion pathways: breath, urine, and feces, with rates based on experimental data.

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Quantitative Autoradiographic Method for Determination of Regional Rates of Cerebral Protein Synthesis In Vivo
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11:01

Quantitative Autoradiographic Method for Determination of Regional Rates of Cerebral Protein Synthesis In Vivo

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Main Results:

  • The proposed model is less conservative than the current ICRP model.
  • It maintains sufficient conservatism for overestimating effective dose coefficients.
  • The model structure allows for adjustable dosimetric conservatism and parameter fitting.

Conclusions:

  • The new model offers a more refined approach to systemic radiocarbon dosimetry.
  • It balances conservatism with improved accuracy for C-14 dose assessment.
  • The model's flexibility supports personalized bioassay adjustments.