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Bone Disorders

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
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Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
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Bone Remodeling

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Bone mineral density in prediabetic men.

Ju Hee Lee¹, Yun Hyeong Lee, Kyoung Hye Jung

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.

Korean Diabetes Journal

|November 16, 2010

Summary

Prediabetes does not significantly affect bone mineral density (BMD) compared to normal glucose metabolism. Further research is needed on fracture risk and BMD changes as diabetes develops.

Keywords:

Bone density Insulin Prediabetic state

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Metabolic Health
Bone Metabolism

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is linked to altered bone mineral density (BMD).
The impact of prediabetes on BMD remains largely unknown.
Understanding prediabetes's effect on bone health is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between prediabetes and bone mineral density (BMD).
To compare BMD T scores in normal, prediabetic, and diabetic individuals.
To identify factors associated with prediabetes and BMD.

Main Methods:

The Korea Rural Genomic Cohort Study included 678 men, categorized by oral glucose tolerance tests.
Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed using a quantitative ultrasonometer.
Statistical analyses, including multiple and stepwise linear regression, were performed.

Main Results:

No significant difference in BMD T scores was observed between normal and prediabetic subjects.
BMD T score showed inverse association with age and positive correlation with body weight, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HbA1c.
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, age, body mass index, and HbA1c were significant predictors for prediabetes status.

Conclusions:

Prediabetes status is not significantly associated with altered bone mineral density (BMD) compared to normal glucose tolerance.
Further investigation is warranted to explore the links between fracture risk, BMD changes, and the progression to overt diabetes.