Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Self-Regulation01:25

Self-Regulation

Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bipolar Disorder Psychosis Risk Predicts Cue Discrimination on the AX-Continuous Performance Task Paradigm.

Bipolar disorders·2026
Same author

Depression symptoms relate to altered brain connectivity and behavioral responses during self-referential judgments.

Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience·2026
Same author

Harms and benefits of discussing the brain disease model of addiction in therapeutic settings.

Drug and alcohol dependence·2026
Same author

Elevated pre-supplementary motor area activity during reward expectancy: An impulsivity-related neural marker of vulnerability to bipolar and externalizing disorders.

Molecular psychiatry·2026
Same author

A novel approach-avoidance task to study decision making under outcome uncertainty.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2026
Same author

Cumulative social adversity as a correlate of self harm: Validity of the Reward Probability Index.

PloS one·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
09:12

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats

Published on: March 17, 2019

Impaired goal-directed behavioural control in human impulsivity.

Lee Hogarth1, Henry W Chase, Kathleen Baess

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. Lee.hogarth@nottingham.ac.uk

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|November 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Impulsivity in humans involves impaired goal-directed learning, linked to habitual behaviors. This suggests that a stronger reliance on habit learning may contribute to conditions like drug dependence and impulsivity.

More Related Videos

A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats
06:11

A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats

Published on: February 20, 2019

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
09:29

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Published on: January 9, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
09:12

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats

Published on: March 17, 2019

A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats
06:11

A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats

Published on: February 20, 2019

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
09:29

Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Published on: January 9, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Instrumental behavior is governed by two distinct learning processes: goal-directed and habitual.
  • Goal-directed behavior relies on understanding consequences, while habitual behavior is stimulus-driven.
  • Corticostriatal abnormalities are implicated in psychopathological conditions like impulsivity and drug dependence, potentially due to a predominance of habitual control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between goal-directed control, impulsivity, and nicotine dependence in smokers.
  • To determine if reduced goal-directed control is associated with specific facets of impulsivity.

Main Methods:

  • Smokers underwent assessment for nicotine dependence, impulsivity using the Barrett's Impulsivity Scale (BIS), and goal-directed control via an outcome devaluation procedure.
  • The outcome devaluation procedure measures the ability to adjust instrumental behavior based on changes in outcome value.

Main Results:

  • Reduced goal-directed control was specifically linked to the Motor Impulsivity factor of the BIS.
  • Motor Impulsivity reflects a tendency towards acting without forethought.
  • These findings suggest that impaired use of causal knowledge in decision-making characterizes human impulsivity.

Conclusions:

  • Human impulsivity is associated with a diminished capacity for goal-directed learning and decision-making.
  • A greater reliance on habit learning may contribute to psychopathological conditions linked to trait impulsivity.
  • These results highlight the role of learning processes in impulsivity and addiction.