Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

15.7K
Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
15.7K
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

2.1K
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
2.1K
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

3.5K
Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
3.5K
Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation02:36

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

3.8K
Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
3.8K
Gene Regulation During Sporulation01:17

Gene Regulation During Sporulation

719
Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...
719
Bioreactor Controls-III01:22

Bioreactor Controls-III

70
Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...
70

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

NH<sub>4</sub>Cl affects the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in hepatocytes.

Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology·2017
Same author

Investigation of Interfacial Layer for Ultrasonic Spot Welded Aluminum to Copper Joints.

Scientific reports·2017
Same author

Multiregional Sequencing Reveals Genomic Alterations and Clonal Dynamics in Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus.

Cancer research·2017
Same author

Integrated Analysis Reveals Tubal- and Ovarian-Originated Serous Ovarian Cancer and Predicts Differential Therapeutic Responses.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2017
Same author

Inverse Association between Ambient Sulfur Dioxide Exposure and Semen Quality in Wuhan, China.

Environmental science & technology·2017
Same author

Bacterial and Archaeal Lipids Recovered from Subsurface Evaporites of Dalangtan Playa on the Tibetan Plateau and Their Astrobiological Implications.

Astrobiology·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Continuous High-resolution Microscopic Observation of Replicative Aging in Budding Yeast
10:41

Continuous High-resolution Microscopic Observation of Replicative Aging in Budding Yeast

Published on: August 20, 2013

12.2K

The cellular robustness by genetic redundancy in budding yeast.

Jingjing Li1, Zineng Yuan, Zhaolei Zhang

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. jj.li@utoronto.ca

Plos Genetics
|November 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Genetic redundancy provides robustness in yeast, but this backup capacity is often lost over time. Functional overlap predicts buffering, though natural selection can stabilize some duplicated genes.

More Related Videos

Efficient Sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a 96 Multiwell Format
08:54

Efficient Sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a 96 Multiwell Format

Published on: September 17, 2016

10.3K
Genetic Screen for Identification of Multicopy Suppressors in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
13:22

Genetic Screen for Identification of Multicopy Suppressors in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Published on: September 13, 2022

1.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Continuous High-resolution Microscopic Observation of Replicative Aging in Budding Yeast
10:41

Continuous High-resolution Microscopic Observation of Replicative Aging in Budding Yeast

Published on: August 20, 2013

12.2K
Efficient Sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a 96 Multiwell Format
08:54

Efficient Sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a 96 Multiwell Format

Published on: September 17, 2016

10.3K
Genetic Screen for Identification of Multicopy Suppressors in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
13:22

Genetic Screen for Identification of Multicopy Suppressors in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Published on: September 13, 2022

1.6K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Genetic redundancy is thought to confer robustness, but its evolutionary stability and contribution to buffering are debated.
  • Recent studies show limited functional overlap between buffering duplicate genes, challenging existing theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of functional overlap in genetic redundancy and backup capacity across yeast duplicated genes.
  • To assess the evolutionary stability of genetic redundancy and identify factors influencing its long-term retention.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide analysis of synthetic genetic interactions for ~500 pairs of yeast duplicated genes (WGD and SSD).
  • Development and application of a new metric for scoring functional overlap based on gene ontology annotations.
  • Analysis of evolutionary trends, selection pressures, and protein complex associations for duplicated gene pairs.

Main Results:

  • Functional redundancy is a prerequisite for and highly predictive of backup capacity in duplicated genes.
  • While mutual buffering is common, backup capacity is generally an evolutionarily transient state, decreasing with divergence time.
  • Natural selection was identified to stabilize functional overlap in some small-scale duplication (SSD) pairs, decelerating their functional evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic redundancy's robustness is often transient, aligning with theoretical predictions of instability.
  • Functional overlap, quantified by a novel metric, is key to buffering capacity.
  • Specific selection pressures can maintain functional overlap and genetic redundancy in certain duplicated gene pairs, revealing principles for their long-term retention.