Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...
Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin studies.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Homozygous overexpression of ATP6AP2 in female mice and its impact on running-induced modulation of the adult hippocampus.

Cell and tissue research·2026
Same author

Cross-organ communication based on non-coding RNA networks leads to cognitive dysfunction in mice.

Neurobiology of disease·2026
Same author

Reducing stress and alcohol-related behaviors by targeting D1-CRHR1 receptor interactions in the amygdala.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2025
Same author

The Neurotrophin System in the Postnatal Brain-An Introduction.

Biology·2024
Same author

Reduced Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Affect Body Weight, Brain Weight and Behavior.

Biology·2024
Same author

Introduction: What Are Dendritic Spines?

Advances in neurobiology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Dendritic Spine Quantification Using an Automatic Three-Dimensional Neuron Reconstruction Software
07:45

Dendritic Spine Quantification Using an Automatic Three-Dimensional Neuron Reconstruction Software

Published on: September 27, 2024

Dendritic spine abnormalities in mental retardation.

Oliver von Bohlen Und Halbach1

  • 1Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Friedrich Loeffler Strasse 23c, 17487 Greifswald, Germany. oliver.vonbohlen@uni-greifswald.de

Cell and Tissue Research
|November 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Dendritic spine abnormalities are linked to intellectual disability. Understanding the Rho GTPase pathway

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Abnormalities in dendritic spine morphology are associated with intellectual disability.
  • Dendritic spines are crucial for neuronal plasticity and cognitive function.
  • The Rho GTPase signaling pathway regulates cytoskeleton and dendritic spine structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of Rho GTPase signaling in dendritic spine morphology.
  • To understand how alterations in this pathway contribute to intellectual disability.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for intellectual disability.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the Rho GTPase signaling pathway.
  • Examined its role in cytoskeletal regulation.
  • Analyzed genes associated with intellectual disability and Rho GTPase modulation.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Dendritic Spine Morphology in Cultured CNS Neurons
11:48

Analysis of Dendritic Spine Morphology in Cultured CNS Neurons

Published on: July 13, 2011

Three-dimensional Quantification of Dendritic Spines from Pyramidal Neurons Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
10:18

Three-dimensional Quantification of Dendritic Spines from Pyramidal Neurons Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: October 10, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Dendritic Spine Quantification Using an Automatic Three-Dimensional Neuron Reconstruction Software
07:45

Dendritic Spine Quantification Using an Automatic Three-Dimensional Neuron Reconstruction Software

Published on: September 27, 2024

Analysis of Dendritic Spine Morphology in Cultured CNS Neurons
11:48

Analysis of Dendritic Spine Morphology in Cultured CNS Neurons

Published on: July 13, 2011

Three-dimensional Quantification of Dendritic Spines from Pyramidal Neurons Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
10:18

Three-dimensional Quantification of Dendritic Spines from Pyramidal Neurons Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: October 10, 2015

Main Results:

  • Rho GTPase signaling is fundamental to dendritic spine structural plasticity.
  • Alterations in this pathway are implicated in intellectual disability.
  • Genes modulating Rho GTPases are linked to intellectual disability and altered dendritic spines.

Conclusions:

  • Insights into Rho GTPase pathways can elucidate dendritic spine modulation.
  • This understanding may lead to therapeutic strategies for intellectual disability.
  • Targeting Rho GTPase signaling could address cognitive deficits.