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Loss- and Gain-of-function Approach to Investigate Early Cell Fate Determinants in Preimplantation Mouse Embryos
Published on: June 6, 2016
Genetic modification of the mouse: general technology - pronuclear and blastocyst injection
1Department of Molecular Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. W.Voncken@GEN.unimaas.nl
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|November 17, 2010
Abstract:
Introduction of germ line mutations in mice via genetic engineering involves alterations of the structure and characteristics of genes. These alterations are mostly introduced via molecular genetic technology either in embryonal stem cells or in one-cell stage embryos. This chapter describes classic biotechnological methods used to generate mice from modified pre-implantation embryos.
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01:16In-vitro Mutagenesis
To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
01:24Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.