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Related Concept Videos

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...

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Two- and Three-Dimensional Live Cell Imaging of DNA Damage Response Proteins
10:24

Two- and Three-Dimensional Live Cell Imaging of DNA Damage Response Proteins

Published on: September 28, 2012

p53-Dependent subcellular proteome localization following DNA damage.

François-Michel Boisvert1, Angus I Lamond

  • 1Wellcome Trust Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, MSI/WTB/JBC Complex, Dundee, UK.

Proteomics
|November 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The tumor suppressor p53 regulates cell stress responses. Spatial proteomics revealed how p53 influences protein location within cells, particularly in the nucleus and nucleolus, impacting cellular stress responses.

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Two- and Three-Dimensional Live Cell Imaging of DNA Damage Response Proteins
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Published on: September 28, 2012

Proximity Ligand Assay to Localize Proteins in DNA Damage Sites
09:39

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Detection and Visualization of DNA Damage-induced Protein Complexes in Suspension Cell Cultures Using the Proximity Ligation Assay
13:10

Detection and Visualization of DNA Damage-induced Protein Complexes in Suspension Cell Cultures Using the Proximity Ligation Assay

Published on: June 9, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Proteomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The nucleolus plays a role in cellular stress responses and cell cycle arrest, often mediated by the tumor suppressor p53.
  • Under normal conditions, p53 protein levels are low, but stabilize upon cellular stress like DNA damage, initiating downstream events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of p53 activation on protein subcellular distribution using a quantitative proteomics approach.
  • To analyze the proteome-wide changes in protein localization dependent on p53 in HCT116 cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mass spectrometry (MS)-based spatial proteomics to quantify the relative distribution of approximately 2000 proteins.
  • Analyzed protein localization in HCT116 cells with and without wild-type p53.
  • Investigated cellular responses to DNA damage induced by etoposide in both p53 wild-type and null backgrounds.

Main Results:

  • Quantified the subcellular distribution of ~2000 proteins in HCT116 cells, comparing wild-type p53 and p53-null conditions.
  • Identified differences in protein localization between cytoplasm, nucleus, and nucleolus influenced by p53 status.
  • Observed distinct cellular responses to etoposide-induced DNA damage based on p53 genetic background.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial proteomics provides an unbiased, high-throughput method to measure p53-dependent proteome distribution.
  • p53 influences the localization of a significant number of proteins within the cell.
  • Understanding p53-mediated protein localization changes is crucial for comprehending cellular stress responses.