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Changes in Sertoli cell function in vitro induced by nitrobenzene.

G Allenby1, R M Sharpe, P M Foster

  • 1M.R.C. Unit of Reproductive Biology, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.

Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
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Nitrobenzene (NB) is a testicular toxicant that damages Sertoli cells in vitro. This study assessed NB's effects on Sertoli cell function, revealing it disrupts germ cell exfoliation and alters metabolic and hormone secretions, indicating toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Toxicology
  • Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Nitrobenzene (NB) is a known testicular toxicant, but its specific cellular targets and mechanisms of action in the testis remain unclear.
  • Sertoli cells are crucial for spermatogenesis and are potential targets for testicular toxicants.
  • Understanding the in vitro effects of NB on Sertoli cells can elucidate its in vivo toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of Nitrobenzene (NB) on Sertoli cell function in vitro using Sertoli cell and Sertoli-germ cell cocultures.
  • To compare the toxicity of NB with metadinitrobenzene (mDNB), a known Sertoli cell toxicant.
  • To evaluate inhibin secretion as a potential marker for Sertoli cell toxicant action.

Main Methods:

  • Primary Sertoli cells and Sertoli-germ cell cocultures were exposed to NB and mDNB in vitro.

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  • Measured parameters included germ cell exfoliation, lactate and pyruvate secretion, inhibin secretion, and gross cellular morphology.
  • Effects were assessed under basal and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-stimulated conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Nitrobenzene induced morphological changes in Sertoli cells, including vacuolation, and caused dose-dependent germ cell exfoliation.
    • Both NB and mDNB stimulated lactate and pyruvate secretion by Sertoli cells, an effect more pronounced without germ cells.
    • NB altered inhibin secretion in a biphasic manner, while mDNB blocked FSH-stimulated inhibin secretion. NB was less toxic than mDNB in vitro.

    Conclusions:

    • Nitrobenzene likely acts as a Sertoli cell toxicant in vitro, disrupting key cellular functions similar to mDNB, though at lower concentrations.
    • Sertoli cell morphology, germ cell viability, metabolic activity, and inhibin secretion are sensitive indicators of NB toxicity.
    • Inhibin secretion by Sertoli cells in culture shows potential as a novel biomarker for assessing toxicant effects on testicular function.