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Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)01:30

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) is a science-based, preventive system used globally to ensure food safety by identifying, evaluating, and controlling biological, chemical, and physical hazards throughout food production. Originally developed by NASA and the Pillsbury Company for astronaut food, HACCP is now a core component of the Codex Alimentarius.HACCP operates on prerequisite programs—such as Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs), sanitation procedures, and supplier...
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Contamination of food by microbial agents and natural toxins poses significant risks to public health. These hazards can be introduced at various points across the food supply chain, ranging from environmental sources to processing and storage stages. Understanding these contamination pathways is critical for developing strategies to ensure food safety.Seafood is particularly vulnerable to contamination through both environmental exposure and microbial colonization. Toxins from harmful algal...
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Methods of Controlling Food Spoilage

Food spoilage is caused by microbial growth or by chemical and physical changes, all of which affect the taste, texture, and safety of food.Temperature-Based PreservationRefrigeration at 0–4 °C slows microbial growth and enzyme activity, making it ideal for short-term storage. However, certain spoilage organisms—such as psychrotrophs like Listeria monocytogenes—can still proliferate at these temperatures. Freezing below -18 °C further slows biological processes by forming ice crystals, which...
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Food spoilage results from microbial growth, enzymatic activity, and environmental factors that gradually degrade the sensory, nutritional, and safety qualities of food. Preservation techniques aim to slow or halt these processes to extend shelf life and maintain product quality.A key concept in food microbiology is the microbial growth curve, which includes four phases: lag, exponential (log), stationary, and death. During the lag phase, bacteria adjust to their environment without significant...
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Pasteurization and Food Preservation

Pasteurization is a widely employed thermal processing technique designed to enhance the safety and shelf life of perishable food and beverages. By subjecting products to specific high temperatures for controlled durations, this method effectively inactivates pathogenic microorganisms and spoilage enzymes without significantly compromising sensory qualities. The technique has been pivotal in food safety management, especially for consumables susceptible to microbial contamination such as milk,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Transition of Farm Pigs to Research Pigs using a Designated Checklist followed by Initiation of Clicker Training - a Refinement Initiative
07:59

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Published on: August 21, 2021

Pork safety: achievements and challenges.

P R Davies1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota, USA. davie001@umn.edu

Zoonoses and Public Health
|November 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Safepork research focuses on foodborne hazards in pork, particularly enteric bacterial pathogens. Understanding emerging agents is crucial for controlling zoonotic risks and improving food safety.

Area of Science:

  • Food safety and veterinary public health.
  • Epidemiology of foodborne pathogens in pork production.

Background:

  • The Safepork symposium addresses foodborne hazards in pork.
  • Current research prioritizes enteric bacterial pathogens, with limited success in developing farmer interventions.
  • Parasitic foodborne pathogen risks have decreased due to modern production practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of research on foodborne hazards in pork.
  • To highlight challenges in controlling bacterial pathogens and successes with parasitic pathogens.
  • To emphasize the need for understanding emerging agents' host adaptation for risk assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Symposium proceedings and literature review on pork-related foodborne hazards.
  • Analysis of research trends focusing on bacterial and parasitic pathogens.

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  • Discussion of host-pathogen interactions for emerging zoonotic agents.
  • Main Results:

    • Significant research efforts are directed at enteric bacterial pathogens in pork, yet practical control interventions remain challenging.
    • Modern swine production has effectively mitigated risks associated with parasitic foodborne pathogens.
    • Emerging foodborne agents require further investigation into host adaptation to assess zoonotic potential.

    Conclusions:

    • Continued research is needed to develop effective interventions for bacterial foodborne hazards in pork.
    • Understanding host adaptation is key to managing risks from emerging zoonotic agents in the food chain.
    • The symposium serves as a platform for advancing knowledge in pork food safety.