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Related Concept Videos

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, is a life-saving emergency procedure performed when a person's heart has stopped beating or they are no longer breathing. The foundation of CPR is Basic Life Support (BLS), which focuses on the early recognition of cardiac arrest, the immediate start of high-quality chest compressions, and the timely use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Assessing Responsiveness and Checking the Carotid PulseWhen approaching an unresponsive person, first ensure...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Pediatric Animal Model of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation After Prolonged Circulatory Arrest
04:55

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Published on: May 26, 2023

Extracorporeal life support in pediatric cardiac dysfunction.

Kasim O Coskun1, Sinan T Coskun, Aron F Popov

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
|November 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) offers a final therapeutic option for pediatric patients with refractory low cardiac output following congenital heart disease surgery or due to dilated cardiomyopathy. Despite high mortality, ECLS provides a critical chance for survival, emphasizing timely initiation and consideration for heart transplantation.

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Published on: August 15, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Low cardiac output (LCO) is a significant post-operative complication in pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD).
  • Refractory LCO often necessitates advanced mechanical circulatory support, such as extracorporeal life support (ECLS), including extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or ventricle assist devices (VAD).
  • This study compares outcomes of ECLS in pediatric patients with CHD versus those with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare the outcomes of pediatric patients requiring ECLS after corrective surgery for CHD.
  • To compare these outcomes with pediatric patients requiring ECLS due to DCM.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, single-center cohort study included 48 pediatric patients requiring ECLS between 1991 and 2008.
  • Indications for ECLS were CHD in 32 patients and DCM in 16 patients.
  • Patients received either ECMO (26) or VAD (22).

Main Results:

  • The overall survival rate for ECLS was 31.25% (15 out of 48 patients).
  • Mean age differed significantly: 1.2 years for CHD patients and 10.4 years for DCM patients.
  • Mortality was high at 68%, with survivors discharged after myocardial recovery (8) or heart transplantation (7).

Conclusions:

  • ECLS, despite its high mortality, remains a vital last resort for critically ill pediatric cardiac patients.
  • Early initiation of ECLS, ideally in the operating room or immediately post-operatively, may improve outcomes.
  • Consideration of ECLS as a bridge to heart transplantation is crucial for patients without cardiac function improvement to prevent irreversible multiorgan failure.