Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Editor's Note: Transglutaminase Interaction with α6/β4-Integrin Stimulates YAP1-Dependent ΔNp63α Stabilization and Leads to Enhanced Cancer Stem Cell Survival and Tumor Formation.

Cancer research·2026
Same author

Validation of the diagnostic accuracy of a urine-based DNA methylation marker test in patients with upper urinary tract lesions.

BJUI compass·2026
Same author

Correction: MEK7-dependent activation of p38 MAP kinase in keratinocytes.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2025
Same author

Withdrawal: Protein Kinase C (PKC) δ suppresses keratinocyte proliferation by increasing p21Cip1 level by a KLF4 transcription factor-dependent mechanism.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2025
Same author

Correction: Curcumin suppresses AP1 transcription factor-dependent differentiation and activates apoptosis in human epidermal keratinocytes.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2025
Same author

Withdrawal: A regulatory role for p38δ MAPK in keratinocyte differentiation: Evidence for p38δ-ERK1/2 complex formation.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains
07:34

A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains

Published on: August 23, 2019

Polycomb group proteins are key regulators of keratinocyte function.

Richard L Eckert1, Gautam Adhikary, Ellen A Rorke

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. reckert@umaryland.edu

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|November 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are key epigenetic regulators in the skin. These proteins control keratinocyte cell cycle, differentiation, and survival, playing a crucial role in epidermal homeostasis and skin cancer progression.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

Characterization of In Vitro Differentiation of Human Primary Keratinocytes by RNA-Seq Analysis
07:29

Characterization of In Vitro Differentiation of Human Primary Keratinocytes by RNA-Seq Analysis

Published on: May 16, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains
07:34

A Method to Study de novo Formation of Chromatin Domains

Published on: August 23, 2019

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
10:44

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing

Published on: May 5, 2023

Characterization of In Vitro Differentiation of Human Primary Keratinocytes by RNA-Seq Analysis
07:29

Characterization of In Vitro Differentiation of Human Primary Keratinocytes by RNA-Seq Analysis

Published on: May 16, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Dermatology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are epigenetic regulators.
  • PcG proteins influence gene expression by modifying histones and altering chromatin structure.
  • Their role in epidermal biology is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of PcG proteins in keratinocyte biology.
  • To understand PcG protein expression patterns during epidermal differentiation and disease.
  • To elucidate the function of PcG proteins in maintaining epidermal homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of PcG protein expression in epidermal compartments.
  • Assessment of PcG protein influence on keratinocyte cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and senescence.
  • Investigation of PcG protein regulation by agents affecting cell proliferation and survival.

Main Results:

  • PcG proteins are expressed in various epidermal layers, including progenitor cells and keratinocytes.
  • PcG protein levels and distribution change during differentiation and in disease states.
  • PcG proteins regulate keratinocyte cell-cycle progression, apoptosis, senescence, and differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • PcG proteins are central to maintaining the balance between cell survival and death in the epidermis.
  • PcG proteins play a significant role in epidermal homeostasis.
  • PcG proteins are implicated in the progression of skin cancer.