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Related Concept Videos

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Fluorescence Imaging with One-nanometer Accuracy (FIONA)
11:56

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Published on: September 26, 2014

Tailored reflectors for illumination.

D Jenkins, R Winston

    Applied Optics
    |November 19, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    New reflector design methods enable precise illumination patterns. This integral design, based on nonimaging optics, creates more compact reflectors and incorporates reflectivity for optimized light distribution.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Illumination Engineering

    Background:

    • Traditional reflector designs often require a gap between the light source and the reflector.
    • Achieving specific illumination patterns, especially for nearby targets, can be complex.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present novel tailored reflector design methods for precise illumination pattern placement.
    • To introduce an integral design method based on the edge-ray principle for improved reflector compactness.
    • To incorporate reflector reflectivity as a key design parameter.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a new integral design method derived from the edge-ray principle of nonimaging optics.
    • Developing methods to eliminate the gap between the source and reflector profile.
    • Incorporating reflector reflectivity into the design process.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated compact reflector shapes by removing the need for a source-reflector gap.
    • Successfully designed reflectors for constant irradiance on distant target planes.
    • Showcased the application of a leading-edge-ray method for general illumination patterns on nearby targets.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented tailored reflector design methods offer enhanced control over illumination patterns.
    • The integral edge-ray based design significantly improves reflector compactness and efficiency.
    • These methods provide a versatile approach for diverse illumination engineering applications.