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ERWIN: an E-region wind interferometer.

W A Gault, S Brown, A Moise

    Applied Optics
    |November 19, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces ERWIN, an instrument measuring upper atmospheric winds using airglow emissions. It provides accurate wind data near the mesopause by employing a specialized Michelson interferometer.

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    Published on: December 12, 2013

    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric Science
    • Geophysics
    • Optical Physics

    Background:

    • Upper atmospheric winds are crucial for understanding atmospheric dynamics and energy transfer.
    • Measuring winds at mesopause altitudes (around 80-100 km) is challenging due to low densities and complex chemistry.
    • Airglow emissions provide a remote sensing method to probe these altitudes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe a novel field-widened Michelson interferometer (ERWIN) for measuring upper atmospheric winds.
    • To detail the instrument's design for accurate measurements at three mesopause altitudes.
    • To present initial performance data from a long-term deployment.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a field-widened Michelson interferometer with a large path difference (11 cm) to suppress unwanted emissions.
    • Employed airglow emissions from O(1)S, OH, and O(2) for wind measurements.
    • Incorporated three types of glass for field widening and thermal compensation across a broad spectral range (557.7-866.0 nm).

    Main Results:

    • The instrument, ERWIN, was successfully deployed at Resolute Bay, Canada, and operated remotely for four winter seasons.
    • Demonstrated the capability to measure upper atmospheric winds at multiple altitudes near the mesopause.
    • Provided examples of data illustrating the instrument's performance.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed Michelson interferometer is effective for measuring upper atmospheric winds.
    • The instrument's design allows for accurate measurements despite challenging atmospheric conditions and spectral interferences.
    • ERWIN's long-term operation validates its utility for continuous atmospheric research.