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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...

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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

Ghosts and artifacts in Fourier-transform spectrometry.

R C Learner, A P Thorne, J W Brault

|November 19, 2010

Summary

Ghosts in Fourier-transform spectrometry (FTS) can cause spectral analysis errors and limit signal quality. This study details ghost types, their origins, and methods for identification and mitigation in FTS data.

Area of Science:

Spectroscopy
Analytical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Ghosts are artifacts in Fourier-transform spectrometry (FTS) that impact spectral data quality.
Understanding these artifacts is crucial for accurate spectral analysis and interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the significance of ghosts in FTS.
To describe various ghost types and their origins.
To provide methods for ghost identification and mitigation.

Main Methods:

Review and discussion of ghost origins (amplitude modulation, phase modulation, intermodulation).
Analysis of hardware and software artifacts contributing to ghosts.
Development of strategies for ghost detection and avoidance.

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Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

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Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

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Main Results:

Ghosts introduce spurious frequency differences, distort phase correction, and reduce signal-to-noise ratio.
Different modulation types lead to distinct ghost characteristics.
Practical techniques for identifying and minimizing ghost effects are presented.

Conclusions:

Effective management of ghosts is essential for reliable FTS measurements.
The provided guidance aids researchers in improving spectral accuracy and data quality.
Addressing ghosts enhances the overall utility of Fourier-transform spectrometry.