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Related Concept Videos

Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics01:28

Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Liddle syndrome is a genetically inherited form of hypertension characterized by the overactivity of epithelial sodium channels in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. This heightened activity leads to increased sodium reabsorption and excessive excretion of potassium. To counteract this, potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride are used. They function by blocking these sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the epithelial cells and minimizing the loss of...
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...

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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
06:08

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling

Published on: September 15, 2017

[Primary hyperaldosteronism. Report of two cases].

Pietro Accetta1, Italo Accetta, Renato Accetta

  • 1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, BR. pietroaccetta@globo.com

Revista Do Colegio Brasileiro De Cirurgioes
|November 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Two women with primary hyperaldosteronism due to adrenal adenoma experienced hypertension and hypokalemia. Surgical removal (adrenalectomy) led to good outcomes, highlighting diagnostic and treatment considerations for Conn's disease.

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Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
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Published on: September 15, 2017

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion
08:35

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Published on: May 26, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Primary hyperaldosteronism is a common cause of secondary hypertension.
  • Conn's disease, characterized by aldosterone overproduction, presents diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

  • Two female patients presented with classic Conn's disease symptoms, including severe hypertension and hypokalemia.
  • Both patients had functioning adrenal adenomas confirmed as the cause.

Findings:

  • Unilateral adrenalectomy was performed on both patients.
  • One patient achieved an excellent surgical outcome, while the other had a satisfactory result.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for managing primary hyperaldosteronism.
  • Adrenalectomy offers a viable treatment option with generally positive outcomes for functioning adrenal adenomas.