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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

Use of attenuated paramyxoviruses for cancer therapy

Patrycja J Lech1, Stephen J Russell

  • 1Mayo Clinic, Department of Molecular Medicine, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. lech.patrycja@mayo.edu

Expert Review of Vaccines
|November 20, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Paramyxoviruses like measles virus are being explored as oncolytic virotherapy for cancer. Researchers are developing strategies to enhance the efficacy of these viral cancer treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Paramyxoviruses, including measles virus (MV), mumps virus (MuV), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), are known human and avian pathogens.
  • Attenuated strains of these viruses are successfully used as vaccines.
  • Pathogenic MuV and vaccine strains of MuV, MV, and NDV exhibit oncolytic properties, infecting and killing cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current strategies for enhancing oncolytic virotherapy efficacy.
  • To highlight advancements in using paramyxoviruses as cancer treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating combination therapies, such as virotherapy with cyclophosphamide.
  • Exploring virus retargeting to specific tumor types or vasculature.
  • Utilizing infected cell carriers for improved virus delivery and protection.
  • Employing genetic manipulation for increased viral spread and transgene expression.

Main Results:

  • Phase I/II clinical trials show promise for oncolytic virotherapy.
  • Transgene expression allows for noninvasive imaging and tracking of viral activity.
  • Engineered viruses can enhance tumor destruction and viral spread.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy using paramyxoviruses is a promising cancer treatment strategy.
  • Ongoing technological developments aim to improve treatment efficacy and patient outcomes.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to fully realize the potential of viral-based cancer therapies.

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