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Ureters

Ureters

The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition

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Published on: June 21, 2024

Ureteric sarcoidosis--a rare entity.

V Kalia¹, K Vishal, J S Gill

¹Delta Heart Center 70-K, Sarabha Nagar Ludhiana, 141001 Punjab, India. v2k1978@yahoo.co.in

The British Journal of Radiology

|November 20, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Ureteric sarcoidosis, a rare condition, can cause obstructive uropathy. This case highlights a unique presentation of sarcoidosis affecting the ureter, leading to urinary obstruction.

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Area of Science:

Nephrology
Pulmonology
Urology

Background:

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown etiology.
Primary ureteric involvement in sarcoidosis is exceptionally rare, with limited documented cases.

Observation:

This report details a unique case of sarcoidosis manifesting primarily in the ureter.
The patient presented with symptoms indicative of obstructive uropathy.

Findings:

The case confirms primary ureteric sarcoidosis as a cause of urinary tract obstruction.
Histopathological findings consistent with sarcoidosis were observed in the ureteric tissue.

Implications:

This case expands the known clinical spectrum of sarcoidosis manifestations.
Increased awareness of ureteric sarcoidosis is crucial for timely diagnosis and management of obstructive uropathy.
Further research may elucidate the pathogenesis of rare genitourinary sarcoidosis.