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Related Concept Videos

Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

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Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis
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Multiple myeloma.

Jacob Laubach1, Paul Richardson, Kenneth Anderson

  • 1Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. jacobp_laubach@dfci.harvard.edu

Annual Review of Medicine
|November 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a bone marrow cancer impacting B cells. Advances in research have improved understanding and led to new therapies for this incurable disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B cell neoplasm originating in the bone marrow.
  • It presents with diverse clinical issues like anemia, bone lesions, and renal dysfunction.
  • MM constitutes 10-15% of hematologic malignancies and 20% of cancer deaths in this category.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review historical milestones in multiple myeloma research.
  • To examine the pathogenesis and clinical features of MM.
  • To outline diagnostic and treatment principles for MM.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical landmarks in MM.
  • Analysis of pathogenesis and clinical manifestations.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Significant research advances have deepened the understanding of MM pathogenesis.
  • New therapeutic agents, including immunomodulatory drugs and proteasome inhibitors, have been developed.
  • Current treatments offer improved outcomes, though the disease remains incurable.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding MM pathogenesis is crucial for developing effective therapies.
  • Therapeutic advancements have enhanced patient care for multiple myeloma.
  • Continued research is vital for addressing the challenges of MM treatment.