Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 6, 2026

A Single-Channel and Non-Invasive Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Industry and Healthcare
Published on: July 7, 2023
The effect of trataka, a yogic visual concentration practice, on critical flicker fusion
Taruna Mallick1, Ravi Kulkarni
1Swami Vivekananda Yoga University, Bangalore, India.
Objectives:
The study objective was to study the change in the critical flicker fusion (CFF) after a yogic visual concentration practice (trataka).
Design:
Thirty (30) subjects participated in a study where they were evaluated for the CFF immediately before and after the practice. The subjects also participated in a comparable control session.
Subjects:
The subjects were 30 volunteers in the age range 25-40. Fifteen (15) of the volunteers were male. The mean age was 31.33 ± 4.67.
Results:
The CFF showed a statistically significant increase from 37.35 ± 2.84 to 38.66 ± 2.91 after the yoga practice of trataka. The control session did not produce a statistically significant change in the CFF.
Conclusions:
An increase in the CFF is seen immediately after the yogic concentration practice called trataka.
