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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Molecular Analysis of Endothelial-mesenchymal Transition Induced by Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling
Published on: August 3, 2018
TGF-β signaling is altered in the peripheral blood of subjects with multiple sclerosis
Elise M Meoli1, Unsong Oh, Christian W Grant
1Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Abstract:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system inflammatory disorder with evidence of peripheral immune dysregulation. Abnormalities of the immune suppressive cytokine TGF-β have been reported, but not fully defined, in MS. Through a pathway-focused expression profiling of the peripheral blood, we found abnormalities of TGF-βRII, SMAD4 and SMAD7 expression in subjects with MS, and reduction in the levels of TGF-β regulated genes, indicating an overall reduction in TGF-β signaling in MS. The response to exogenous TGF-β was intact, however, indicating an extrinsic defect of TGF-β signaling in MS. These results indicate that TGF-β control is diminished in MS.
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