[Brain imaging and transition to psychosis]

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Brain Imaging

Context:

• First episode psychosis is preceded by a lengthy prodromal period (around 5 years).
• This phase, known as the 'At Risk Mental State' (ARMS), is characterized by unclear disease manifestations.
• Not all individuals in ARMS progress to a psychotic disorder.

Purpose:

• To investigate structural, functional, and neurochemical deviations in the brain during the ARMS phase.
• To compare these deviations with those found in established psychosis.
• To explore the translational potential of these findings for early diagnosis.

Summary:

• Brain imaging studies reveal structural, functional, and neurochemical deviations in individuals with ARMS.
• These observed deviations mirror those in established psychosis but are less severe.
• The identified brain changes may differentiate between developing psychosis and transient psychotic symptoms.

Impact:

• Findings offer potential biomarkers for predicting psychosis development.
• Early identification of individuals at high risk can facilitate timely interventions.
• Understanding prodromal brain changes enhances knowledge of psychosis pathophysiology.