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Related Concept Videos

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing01:32

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...

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ACT1-CUP1 Assays Determine the Substrate-Specific Sensitivities of Spliceosomal Mutants in Budding Yeast
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Splicing-dependent RNA polymerase pausing in yeast.

Ross D Alexander1, Steven A Innocente, J David Barrass

  • 1Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK.

Molecular Cell
|November 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered that RNA polymerase pauses during transcription, a process linked to messenger RNA splicing in yeast cells. This pausing is essential for efficient gene expression and is regulated by splicing factors.

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Artificial RNA Polymerase II Elongation Complexes for Dissecting Co-transcriptional RNA Processing Events
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Artificial RNA Polymerase II Elongation Complexes for Dissecting Co-transcriptional RNA Processing Events

Published on: May 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic cells exhibit functional coupling between transcription and pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) processing.
  • Understanding the precise mechanisms of this coupling is crucial for comprehending gene expression regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the kinetic relationship between transcription and splicing in budding yeast.
  • To elucidate the role of RNA polymerase dynamics in cotranscriptional pre-mRNA processing.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution kinetic analysis of transcription and splicing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • Utilized reporter genes to study transcriptional pausing and splicing factor recruitment.
  • Investigated the phosphorylation status of the RNA polymerase large subunit's carboxy-terminal domain.

Main Results:

  • Observed transient accumulation of RNA polymerase at the 3' end of introns, indicating a transcriptional pause.
  • This pause coincides with splicing factor recruitment and the detection of spliced mRNA.
  • Transcriptional pausing is dependent on productive splicing and involves specific phosphorylation patterns (Serine 5 and Serine 2) on the RNA polymerase large subunit.

Conclusions:

  • Propose that transcriptional pausing is a checkpoint mechanism imposed by cotranscriptional splicing.
  • This pausing facilitates efficient and coordinated gene expression in eukaryotic cells.
  • The findings provide new insights into the intricate regulation of gene transcription and processing.