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Risk factors in children hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis versus non-RSV bronchiolitis

Carla G García1, Rafia Bhore, Alejandra Soriano-Fallas

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Texas, USA.

Pediatrics
|November 25, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis increased significantly from 2002 to 2007. RSV bronchiolitis led to more severe disease, even in previously healthy children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hospitalization rates and risk factors for severe bronchiolitis require updated analysis, particularly post-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis implementation.
  • Understanding trends in severe pediatric respiratory infections is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the hospitalization burden of RSV and non-RSV bronchiolitis in children under two years old between 2002 and 2007.
  • To identify independent risk factors associated with severe bronchiolitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for 4800 children hospitalized with bronchiolitis.
  • Analysis of demographic, clinical, microbiologic, and radiologic data.
  • Multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors for severe disease.

Main Results:

  • Bronchiolitis hospitalizations rose from 3.3% in 2002 to 5.5% in 2007, primarily due to RSV.
  • RSV bronchiolitis patients were younger and had fewer underlying conditions but experienced more severe outcomes.
  • RSV infection and prematurity were independent risk factors for severe bronchiolitis.

Conclusions:

  • A significant increase in RSV bronchiolitis hospitalizations occurred between 2002 and 2007.
  • RSV bronchiolitis resulted in more severe disease compared to non-RSV cases, impacting previously healthy children.
  • RSV remains a significant cause of severe pediatric respiratory illness.
Abstract

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