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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation
06:28

Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation

Published on: December 13, 2024

Back pain is associated with changes in loading pattern throughout forward and backward bending.

Gary L K Shum1, Jack Crosbie, Raymond Y W Lee

  • 1School of Health Professions, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom.

Spine
|November 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Back pain increases spinal loading during forward bending, particularly with a positive straight leg raise (SLR) sign. This indicates increased resistance to movement, highlighting the need to analyze loading patterns throughout the entire range of motion.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation
06:28

Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation

Published on: December 13, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Spinal Kinematics
  • Musculoskeletal Research

Background:

  • Forward and backward bending are crucial functional movements and clinical assessment tools.
  • Limited data exists on lumbar spine (LS) and hip loading patterns during these movements in individuals with back pain, especially with a positive straight leg raise (SLR) sign.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of back pain, with and without a positive SLR sign, on LS and hip loading during forward and backward bending.
  • To determine the kinematic and kinetic patterns associated with these movements in different participant groups.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study involving asymptomatic individuals, individuals with back pain, and individuals with back pain and a positive SLR sign.
  • Utilized electromagnetic sensors for kinematic data and force plates for ground reaction forces.
  • Employed a biomechanical model to calculate LS and hip loading patterns.

Main Results:

  • Lumbar spine loading at the end range of forward bending decreased, but loading in the early and middle ranges significantly increased in participants with back pain, particularly those with a positive SLR sign.
  • This increase in loading suggests heightened resistance to movement in the affected individuals.
  • Maximum spinal range of motion was reduced in those with back pain.

Conclusions:

  • Analyzing only the end range of spinal motion is insufficient; a comprehensive assessment of loading patterns across the entire range is necessary.
  • Individuals with back pain, especially with a positive SLR sign, experience a significant increase in spinal moments throughout the range of motion, despite reduced overall mobility.