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Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
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Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
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Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
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Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Stable versus progressive hepatitis unique to pregnancy.

Vivian Schutt1, Julia Uhanova, Carol Schneider

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
|November 25, 2010
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Summary

Mothers with hepatitis unique to pregnancy (HUP) and normal liver function tests can safely deliver at term. Standard liver function tests may help guide delivery timing for HUP patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Hepatology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Hepatitis unique to pregnancy (HUP) often necessitates urgent fetal delivery in the second or third trimester.
  • The decision for early delivery in HUP is typically based on clinical urgency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if standard liver function tests (serum bilirubin, international normalized ratio) can identify mothers with HUP and their neonates who would benefit from early delivery.
  • To assess the impact of delivery timing on maternal and neonatal outcomes in HUP.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 149 patients with HUP, classified into normal (stable-HUP, n=118) and abnormal (progressive-HUP, n=31) liver function test groups.
  • Outcomes measured included maternal hospital stay post-delivery and neonatal Apgar scores at 0 and 5 minutes.

Main Results:

  • Maternal hospital stay was similar for stable-HUP patients delivered early versus at term.
  • Neonatal Apgar scores at birth were comparable between early and term delivery in stable-HUP, but significantly higher at 5 minutes for term deliveries.
  • Insufficient data for term deliveries in the progressive-HUP group precluded similar comparisons.

Conclusions:

  • Mothers with HUP and normal liver function tests can be managed expectantly until term without adverse effects on maternal or neonatal health.
  • Further research is needed to establish whether abnormal liver function tests in HUP warrant immediate fetal delivery.