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Related Experiment Video

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Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip
09:36

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Published on: June 4, 2020

Multi-finger interaction during involuntary and voluntary single finger force changes.

J R Martin1, V M Zatsiorsky, M L Latash

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. jrm496@psu.edu

Experimental Brain Research
|November 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Synergic mechanisms dominate involuntary finger force changes through error compensation, while voluntary changes show enslaving due to mechanical and neural connections. This study explores finger force control during unexpected movements.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Finger interactions exhibit two main patterns: positive co-variation (enslaving) and negative co-variation (error compensation).
  • Enslaving arises from mechanical and neural linkages, while error compensation stems from synergistic control for stable output.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether synergistic mechanisms dominate involuntary finger force changes and enslaving dominates voluntary changes.
  • To differentiate between error compensation and enslaving patterns in finger force control.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects exerted 10% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) with four fingers.
  • One finger was passively lifted, and subjects were instructed not to intervene voluntarily.
  • Subjects then voluntarily produced a force pulse with the lifted finger.
  • Analysis focused on finger forces and modes during involuntary and voluntary phases.

Main Results:

  • During involuntary lifting, non-target fingers decreased force (error compensation).
  • During voluntary force production, non-target fingers increased force (enslaving).
  • Target finger force increased in both involuntary and voluntary phases.

Conclusions:

  • Involuntary finger force changes are primarily regulated by error compensation, indicating synergistic neural control.
  • Voluntary finger force changes are characterized by enslaving, reflecting inherent mechanical and neural coupling.
  • Findings support a control scheme merging equilibrium-point hypothesis with hierarchical synergistic control.