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Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
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Creativity, expertise, and attention: exploring their development and their relationships.

Daniel Memmert1

  • 1Institute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany. memmert@dshs-koeln.de

Journal of Sports Sciences
|November 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Children

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and developmental psychology
  • Cognitive development and expertise
  • Creative thinking and attention

Background:

  • Creativity develops significantly in early childhood.
  • The interplay between expertise, attention, and creativity in children is not fully understood.
  • The distinct roles of general vs. specific attention in creative development require clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how children's creative development is influenced by their expertise level and attention processes.
  • To investigate the differential impact of general and specific attention on specific and non-specific creative thinking.
  • To explore potential training effects on creative thinking components.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 120 children aged 7, 10, and 13.

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  • Participants were categorized as skilled (team handball) or non-skilled.
  • Assessed using specific and non-specific divergent thinking tasks and attention tasks.

    • Main Results:

    • General and sport-specific creativity show similar developmental trajectories.
    • Skilled children with higher attention scores excelled in specific creative thinking.
    • Non-skilled children with lower attention skills demonstrated better general creative thinking.

    Conclusions:

    • Expertise and attention significantly modulate creative development pathways in children.
    • Specific attention is crucial for developing sport-specific creativity in skilled individuals.
    • General attention skills are more pertinent to broad creative abilities in non-skilled children.