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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

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MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
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Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
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The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation
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Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation

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Predicting interactions between T cell receptors and MHC-peptide complexes.

Kirsten Roomp1, Francisco S Domingues

  • 1Department of Computational Biology and Applied Algorithmics, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany. roomp@mpi-inf.mpg.de

Molecular Immunology
|November 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Understanding T cell receptor (TCR) interactions with MHC-peptide complexes is crucial. This study developed a novel rule-based method to predict TCR residue interactions, improving our understanding of immune recognition.

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A High Throughput MHC II Binding Assay for Quantitative Analysis of Peptide Epitopes
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A High Throughput MHC II Binding Assay for Quantitative Analysis of Peptide Epitopes
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A High Throughput MHC II Binding Assay for Quantitative Analysis of Peptide Epitopes

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Structural Biology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Conserved interactions between T cell receptors (TCRs) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins bound to peptide antigens remain poorly understood.
  • Existing studies often lack detailed analysis of actual experimental structures for human TCR-MHC-peptide interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To gain a deeper understanding of human TCR variable (V) region interaction modes with MHC-peptide ligands.
  • To develop a predictive model for TCR residue interactions with MHC-peptide complexes based on structural data.

Main Methods:

  • Structural analysis of human TCRs bound to their MHC-peptide ligands using X-ray crystallography data.
  • Development of a rule-based computational approach to predict TCR residue interactions within complementarity-determining regions (CDRs).

Main Results:

  • Identified key differences in TCR-MHC-peptide interactions compared to previous evaluations.
  • Developed the first rule-based algorithm to predict the interaction capabilities of TCR residues (CDR1, CDR2, CDR3) with MHC-peptide complexes.
  • Achieved good performance with two simple algorithms under cross-validation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed rule-based approach provides a novel method for predicting TCR-MHC-peptide interactions.
  • This work enhances the understanding of molecular recognition in the adaptive immune system.
  • The algorithms show promise for future applications in immunology and drug discovery.