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Related Concept Videos

Leaving Groups02:14

Leaving Groups

The nature of leaving groups strongly influences the outcome of a nucleophilic substitution reaction.
In general, in a nucleophilic substitution reaction, a nucleophile displaces a functional group, called the leaving group, from the substrate to give a substituted product. A leaving group departs the substrate molecule through heterolytic cleavage, taking the pair of electrons with it to become a relatively stable weak base in the form of an anion or a neutral molecule.  
In a nucleophilic...
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
Conservation of Small Populations02:04

Conservation of Small Populations

Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less likely to...
Life Histories01:29

Life Histories

Constrained by limited energy and resources, organisms must compromise between offspring quantity and parental investment. This trade-off is represented by two primary reproductive strategies; K-strategists produce few offspring but provide substantial parental support, whereas r-strategists produce much progeny that receives little care. These strategies are related to an organism’s survival likelihood across its lifespan, which is represented by a survivorship curve. Three general types of...
Truncation in Survival Analysis01:09

Truncation in Survival Analysis

Truncation in survival analysis refers to the exclusion of individuals or events from the dataset based on specific criteria related to the time of the event. This exclusion can happen in two primary forms: left truncation and right truncation.
Left truncation occurs when individuals who experienced the event of interest before a certain time are not included in the study. This is often due to a "delayed entry" into the study where only those who survive until a certain entry point are observed.
The Small x Assumption02:20

The Small x Assumption

If a reaction has a small equilibrium constant, the equilibrium position favors the reactants. In such reactions, a negligible change in concentration may occur if the initial concentrations of reactants are high and the Kc value is small. In such circumstances, the equilibrium concentration is approximately equal to its initial concentration. This estimation can be used to simplify the equilibrium calculations by assuming that some equilibrium concentrations are equal to the initial...

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Embryo Transfer Surgery via Laparotomy in Gilts
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'Not a little lady was left'.

Keith C Mages1

  • 1University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing in Philadelphia, USA.

The American Journal of Nursing
|November 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This article explores the historical use of dolls in 20th-century nursing care, examining visual and textual documents. It highlights how these historical practices offer insights into contemporary nursing. Keywords: dolls, nursing care, 20th century, historical practices.

Area of Science:

  • Nursing History
  • Medical Sociology

Background:

  • This feature examines the role of dolls in nursing care during the 20th century.
  • It utilizes primary-source visual and textual documents to provide historical context.

Observation:

  • The column "Looking Back" showcases scholarly work on historical nursing practices.
  • Focuses on interesting historical photographs and their associated essays.

Findings:

  • Dolls were utilized in nursing care settings throughout the 20th century.
  • Analysis of visual and textual evidence reveals the context and implications of their use.

Implications:

  • Understanding historical nursing tools, like dolls, can inform contemporary nursing practices.
  • Provides a lens for examining the evolution of patient care and therapeutic interventions.

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