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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

Evaluation of Fluid Overload by Bioelectrical Impedance Vectorial Analysis
Published on: August 17, 2022
[Water-electrolyte and acid-base disorders. V. Acid-base balance]
1Depto. de Medicinas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, D.F.
Maintaining acid-base balance is crucial for health, involving lung and kidney excretion of acids. Disturbances in this balance often signal underlying diseases.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Biochemistry
Context:
- Acid-base homeostasis is fundamental to cellular function and overall health.
- Imbalances in acid-base status are common indicators of various disease states.
Purpose:
- To elucidate the mechanisms of hydrogen ion balance in the body.
- To highlight the roles of the lungs and kidneys in acid-base regulation.
Summary:
- External hydrogen ion balance is achieved when cellular production equals bodily excretion.
- Carbonic acid is eliminated by the lungs as CO2, while fixed acids require renal excretion.
- Buffering systems provide immediate pH defense and transport acids for elimination, with kidneys uniquely excreting fixed acids and regenerating bicarbonate.
Impact:
- Understanding acid-base regulation aids in diagnosing and managing diseases.
- Recognizing abnormal acid-base composition can guide clinical diagnosis effectively.
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