[Recurrent primary mediastinal liposarcoma with histological change]

Primary mediastinal liposarcomas are rare tumours with various histological features. Local recurrence is frequent.

We report the case of a 70-year-old patient, in whom a mediastinal mass was resected surgically and identified as a mediastinal, "lipoma-like" liposarcoma on histopathological examination. Nine years later, the patient complained of dyspnoea with cough. The chest X-ray showed anterior mediastinal enlargement and the chest CT scan revealed a heterogeneous mass containing both solid tissue and fat. The patient underwent a successful surgical resection of the mass and the histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a recurrent, mixed-type liposarcoma of the mediastinum (well-differentiated and myxoid).

This report discusses the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of this tumour.