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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Measurement of BK-polyomavirus Non-Coding Control Region Driven Transcriptional Activity Via Flow Cytometry
11:54

Measurement of BK-polyomavirus Non-Coding Control Region Driven Transcriptional Activity Via Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 13, 2019

[BK-virus-associated Nephropathy].

D Burgos1, C Jironda, M Martín

  • 1Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga.

Nefrologia : Publicacion Oficial De La Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia
|November 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

BK Polyomavirus (BKV) infection is a growing threat to kidney transplant recipients, leading to graft loss. Monitoring infection markers and understanding risk factors are crucial for managing BKV in immunosuppressed patients.

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Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins
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09:12

Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins

Published on: January 18, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • BK Polyomavirus (BKV) infection poses a significant risk to kidney transplant recipients.
  • Immunosuppression is a key factor in the development and progression of BKV infection.
  • Chronic graft loss is a major consequence of BKV infection in transplanted kidneys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of BKV infection in kidney transplant patients.
  • To explore current prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for managing BKV infection.
  • To highlight the importance of monitoring viral markers in immunosuppressed individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical studies and epidemiological data on BKV infection.
  • Analysis of current immunosuppressive regimens and their impact on BKV.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic methods for urine and serological markers.

Main Results:

  • BKV infection is a leading cause of graft dysfunction and loss post-transplantation.
  • Early detection and management of BKV are critical for graft survival.
  • Various treatment options exist, but efficacy can be limited by immunosuppression levels.

Conclusions:

  • Strict monitoring of BKV infection markers is essential in kidney transplant recipients.
  • Risk factor identification and tailored immunosuppression management can mitigate BKV-associated complications.
  • Further research into novel prophylactic and therapeutic approaches is warranted.