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Related Concept Videos

The Eukaryotic Promoter Region02:40

The Eukaryotic Promoter Region

The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences.  The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region02:40

The Eukaryotic Promoter Region

The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences.  The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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AAV Deployment of Enhancer-Based Expression Constructs In Vivo in Mouse Brain
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Efficient expression from one CMV enhancer controlling two core promoters.

Christina Rottbøll Andersen1, Lars Søegaard Nielsen, Alexandra Baer

  • 1Symphogen A/S, Elektrovej Building 375, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark. cra@symphogen.com

Molecular Biotechnology
|November 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing recombinant antibody production, this study found that a truncated human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter complex significantly boosted expression. Removing a specific upstream region led to a 12-fold increase in antibody yield in CHO cells.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetic Engineering

Background:

  • The human cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter/enhancer is widely used for high recombinant protein expression in mammalian cells, particularly for antibody production.
  • A common vector design utilizes a dual divergent promoter complex for antibody gene transcription.
  • Unexpectedly low expression was observed with a double identical CMV promoter complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize recombinant antibody expression using modified CMV promoter complexes.
  • To investigate the impact of promoter truncation and enhancer-driven dual core promoter activity on expression levels.
  • To enhance antibody production in CHO DG44 cells.

Main Methods:

  • Construction and analysis of truncated CMV promoter complexes with a single enhancer driving two divergent minimal core promoters.
  • Evaluation of antibody expression via transient transfection.
  • Assessment of antibody expression following stable, site-specific integration into CHO DG44 cells.

Main Results:

  • One CMV enhancer could successfully drive transcription from two divergent minimal CMV core promoters.
  • Efficient expression from both divergent core promoters required the removal of a unique upstream region adjacent to the enhancer.
  • The optimized truncated promoter complex achieved a 12-fold increase in antibody expression compared to the full-length double CMV promoter after stable integration.

Conclusions:

  • Truncated CMV promoter complexes offer a superior strategy for enhancing recombinant antibody expression.
  • Removal of specific upstream regulatory elements is critical for maximizing the efficacy of dual divergent promoters.
  • This optimization significantly improves antibody production in stable CHO cell lines.