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Related Concept Videos

The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...

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A self-adjusting ossicular prosthesis containing polyurethane sponge.

Hiroyuki Yamada1, Richard L Goode

  • 1Stanford University Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford, CA 94305-5328, USA.

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
|November 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A self-adjusting prosthesis (SAP) may improve hearing outcomes by maintaining optimal tension. This innovative middle ear prosthesis reduces the impact of length changes, particularly at lower frequencies.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Optimal tension is crucial for incus-stapes replacement prosthesis acoustic performance.
  • Prosthesis length determines postinsertion tension, which can change postoperatively, worsening hearing.
  • Middle ear ossicular replacement prostheses (ORP) that adjust length in vivo may offer acoustic benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the acoustic performance of a novel self-adjusting prosthesis (SAP) compared to conventional partial ossicular replacement prostheses (PORP).
  • To assess the impact of varying prosthesis lengths and tensions on sound transmission in the middle ear.

Main Methods:

  • A self-adjusting prosthesis (SAP) with a polyurethane sponge was tested in 5 fresh temporal bones.
  • Stapes footplate displacement was measured using laser Doppler vibrometry before and after prosthesis insertion.
  • The SAP and optimal length PORPs were tested with varying tensions simulated by glass shims.

Main Results:

  • Optimal length PORPs showed decreased sound transmission below 1.0 kHz with increasing length.
  • The SAP demonstrated equivalent sound transmission to PORPs below 4.0 kHz.
  • The SAP provided superior sound transmission below 1.0 kHz across varied increased lengths.

Conclusions:

  • A self-adjusting prosthesis (SAP) appears to mitigate the negative effects of length variations between the malleus and stapes.
  • SAP technology holds promise for improving acoustic performance in middle ear ossicular replacement surgery.
  • Further research into adjustable prostheses could lead to enhanced postoperative hearing outcomes.